Top 10 Keywords of Blockchain 2019
Editor's Note: This article comes from01 Blockchain (ID: Binary010101)Editor's Note: This article comes from
01 Blockchain (ID: Binary010101)
01 Blockchain (ID: Binary010101) 1、Libra , Author: Yulin, Reviewer: Yu Baicheng, reprinted with authorization by Odaily. There are too many hot events in the blockchain field in 2019. When each hot event occurs, the entire industry will generally overestimate the impact of the event. But when we look back at the blockchain in 2019, we will find that the blockchain field can truly There aren't many events with far-reaching consequences. After sorting out various hot events in 2019, Zero One Think Tank believes that the development of the blockchain industry in 2019 can be summarized by ten key words. 2、DCEP On June 18, 2019, Facebook released the Libra white paper, which sparked heated discussions around the world. Libra's vision is to become a global super-sovereign digital currency, which has attracted giants such as Visa, Mastercard, PayPal and Uber since the release of the white paper. Especially considering that Facebook has a base of more than 2.4 billion social network users around the world, many people believe that if Libra is released in 2020, it will have an immeasurable and huge impact around the world. Considering the uncertain impact that Libra may bring, many countries have successively expressed their resistance to it. In July 2019, the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives held several hearings on Libra, which Facebook is preparing to release; in September 2019, France and Germany reached an agreement to jointly boycott Libra. In addition, in October 2019, giants such as PayPal, Visa, and Mastercard successively announced their abandonment of participating in Facebook's Libra project, which added a lot of uncertainty to Libra's prospects. DCEP is the English abbreviation of Digital Currency Electronic Payment. At the same time, DCEP is also a legal digital currency that has not yet been issued by the People's Bank of China. From the literal meaning of English, China's legal digital currency is mainly a means of electronic payment. Since 2014, the People's Bank of China has started research on legal digital currency, and it has matured by 2018. Since August 2019, the People's Bank of China has revealed more news about China's legal digital currency DCEP: On August 2, the central bank held a video conference to make arrangements for key tasks in the second half of 2019, mentioning "accelerating the promotion of my country's legal digital currency." Currency R&D Pace". On August 10, Mu Changchun, then deputy director of the Payment and Settlement Department of the People's Bank of China, gave a keynote speech on legal digital currency at the Yichun Forum of China's 40 financial people and said, "Beginning last year, relevant personnel from the Digital Currency Research Institute Related system development is already 996." On August 21, the official WeChat account of the central bank published the full text of Mu Changchun’s speech on digital currency, and simultaneously published an article entitled “About the Central Bank’s Digital Currency” published by Fan Yifei, deputy governor of the People’s Bank of China In the article "Some Considerations about Currency", the two reveal a high degree of consistency in their thinking, and outline several important features of the central bank's digital currency: the central bank's digital currency at this stage is replaced by M0 (cash), not by M1 and M2; The central bank does not directly issue digital currency to the public, and will adopt a two-tier operating system, that is, the People's Bank of China first exchanges the digital currency to banks or other operating institutions, and then these institutions exchange it to the public. During this process, it adheres to a centralized management model. On September 24, at a series of press conferences celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yi Gang, governor of the People's Bank of China, stated that there is currently no timetable for the launch of the central bank's digital currency, and there will be a series of research, testing, pilot, evaluation and The risk prevention process needs to be carried out. The significance of DCEP is that it is not a digitization of existing currencies, but a replacement for M0. It greatly reduces the dependence on accounts in the transaction process, which is conducive to the circulation and internationalization of RMB. At the same time, DCEP can realize real-time collection of data such as currency creation, accounting, and flow, and provide useful reference for currency delivery, monetary policy formulation and implementation. 4、DeFi 3. Speech on 10.24 On the afternoon of October 24, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China conducted the eighteenth collective study on the development status and trends of blockchain technology. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, emphasized when hosting the study that the integrated application of blockchain technology plays an important role in new technological innovation and industrial transformation. We must take the blockchain as an important breakthrough for independent innovation of core technologies, clarify the main direction of attack, increase investment, focus on overcoming a number of key core technologies, and accelerate the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation. After the 10.24 speech, the blockchain ushered in new development opportunities in China, and relevant supporting policies were introduced in various places, and the application of the blockchain in China began to accelerate, but at the same time, the concept of blockchain in the market also Various hypes and frauds have emerged, regulatory authorities in many places have started market rectification work, and the heads and staff of several virtual currency exchange platforms have been taken away for investigation. On November 13, the official website of the People's Bank of China also issued an announcement to clarify that the so-called legal digital currency issuance is currently circulating on the Internet, and some institutions have falsely used the name of the People's Bank of China to launch "DC/EP" or "DCEP" on asset trading platforms. , may involve fraud and pyramid schemes, the general public is requested to increase risk awareness, not to be credulous, and to prevent damage to interests. Blockchain is still in the exploratory stage at the level of application implementation. Although there is no commercial application with great influence, DeFi is undoubtedly the biggest highlight of blockchain applications in 2019. DeFi is also known as "decentralized finance" or "distributed finance", which uses decentralized technology to upgrade traditional financial businesses and services, such as mortgages, loans and transactions based on blockchain and smart contracts. With the development of the Internet and computer technology, user needs and the form of financial business development are constantly changing. DeFi has ushered in a new era of opportunities under this background. But at the same time, we also see that DeFi still needs to solve many problems if it wants to truly prosper and be widely and deeply applied. The root of these problems lies in the fact that there are still many problems to be solved in distributed technology including blockchain, the conversion cost needs to be resolved from traditional finance to distributed finance, and the opinions of regulators cannot be ignored. 6、Bakkt 5. Filing with the Cyberspace Administration of China In March and October 2019, the Cyberspace Administration of China released two batches of blockchain information service names and filing numbers. The first batch of 197 and the second batch of 309, a total of 506 blockchain service projects have obtained the record qualification of the Cyberspace Administration of China. In February 2019, the State Internet Information Office issued the "Regulations on the Management of Blockchain Information Services". serial number. The filing is only the registration of the relevant information services of the subject blockchain, and does not represent the recognition of its institutions, products and services, and no institution or individual may use it for any commercial purpose. The introduction of the blockchain information service filing system marks the beginning of the development of China's blockchain industry in the direction of standardization. In 2018, the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), the parent company of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), proposed to establish Bakkt, a bitcoin futures and digital asset trading platform. Bitcoin futures trading platform Bakkt was originally planned to be launched by the end of 2018, but due to related technical service preparations and regulatory compliance issues, its launch time has been delayed again and again. In July 2019, the Bakkt platform finally started the first round of transaction testing, but its mediation with the US regulators is still going on at the same time, in order to obtain the permission of the regulators. At 20:00 U.S. Eastern Time on September 22, 2019, Bakkt, a bitcoin futures trading platform, was officially launched for trading. Affected by the rise in the price of Bitcoin, Bakkt’s Bitcoin futures trading volume ushered in an explosive rise on October 9. On that day, 224 Bitcoin futures were traded, an increase of nearly 800% from the previous trading day. Since 2018, news related to the Bakkt Bitcoin futures trading platform has been concerned by people in the cryptocurrency circle. Most people believe that the launch of Bakkt will boost the price of Bitcoin to a new high. 7. Global Stablecoins 2019 is the year when stablecoins attract the most attention in the world. First of all, various giants have launched different institutional stablecoins according to their own development conditions. The main body of the currency also includes Big Blue IBM and retail giant Wal-Mart. The actions of several giants with global influence have injected a boost to the blockchain and digital asset industry, leading the tide of mainstream companies adopting blockchain technology to transform their service systems In addition, influenced by Facebook's launch of Libra, governments and central banks of various countries have begun to study their own "national stable coins". According to Zero One Think Tank’s statistics on the attitudes and status quo of 29 national central banks towards digital currencies, as of the end of October 2019, 6 central banks have issued digital currencies, 8 are planning to launch, 9 are under research, and 2 are not considered yet , 3 companies clearly opposed the central bank digital currency. 8. Ethereum Upgrade 9、Telegram After Ethereum was officially launched, it has undergone several upgrades. According to the plan of its founding team, the development route of Ethereum is divided into four stages, namely: Frontier (frontier), Homestead (home), Metropolis (metropolis) and Serenity (tranquility). Each stage will undergo an upgrade transition through a hard fork, and each stage of the upgrade is to introduce more features and fix problems. In 2019, Ethereum underwent two major upgrades: In March, the Ethereum Constantinople fork upgrade was completed. The performance and security changes in this upgrade mainly include the optimization of smart contract execution performance and the provision of Cheaper storage, laying the groundwork for the second-tier network expansion schemes such as state channels, and revising the economic policy of Ethereum; in December, the upgrade of Ethereum Istanbul was completed. The key technical changes involved in this upgrade include the introduction of sharding technology and the reduction of GAS Cost measures, improved on-chain interoperability with privacy coin Zcash, and smart contracts that allow for more creative functionality. 10、IEO According to the plan of the founding team of Ethereum, the Istanbul upgrade is a milestone in the evolution of Ethereum to 2.0. In the future, Ethereum 2.0 will complete the consensus mechanism conversion from PoW to PoS. The industry generally believes that the conversion of Ethereum to 2.0 will be a long process. . Telegram is an instant messaging software founded in 2013 by Russian brothers Nikolai and Pavel Durov. In 2019, when Facebook's digital currency Libra encountered repeated obstacles from government regulators, Telegram was also preparing to launch its own digital currency Gram. In October, Telegram's app updated its terms of service and officially introduced Grams Wallet.
